About Book

Effective protection of the environment is critical to sustainable development. Which in turn is critical to poverty reduction, human development and growth will be short-lived if we do not conserve the natural environment and its resources. Environmental protection requires activity on many levels. From preventing global warming to safeguarding living beings from the effects of poor air quality or toxic chemicals and supporting basic necessities for man to survive. Practices such as organic farming, sustainable forestry, natural landscaping, wild gardening or precision agriculture, sometimes combined into sustainable agriculture, are increasingly becoming part of nature and ecology conservation. Environmental resource management tries to identify factors affected by conflicts that rise between meeting needs and protecting resources. It is thus linked to environmental protection, sustainability and integrated landscape management. This book aims to study the significant aspects and concepts related to this field such as environmentalism, natural resources management, habitat conservation, ecosystem management, etc. It will also provide the readers with a global outlook for environmental protection and management. It involves environmental management, risk evaluation, industrial clusters and engineering tools. The essential aspects of environmental resource management are ethical, economic, social and technological. Most of the topics introduced in this book cover new techniques and applications. Different approaches, evaluations and methodologies on the subject have been included in the book, thus making it an invaluable source of knowledge for the students.

Preface ....................................................................................................................... v

1. Flyash as a Resource Material in Construction Industry:

A Clean Approach to Environment Management .......................................... 1

Abstract ........................................................................................................... 1

1. Introduction ................................................................................................... 2

2. Current scenario of flyash in India ............................................................. 3

3. Conclusions .................................................................................................. 14

Acknowledgements ..................................................................................... 15

2. Engineering Tools for the Estimation of Dredging-Induced

Sediment Resuspension and Coastal Environmental Management ......... 18

Abstract ......................................................................................................... 18

1. Introduction ................................................................................................. 19

2. Dredging techniques and mechanisms of sediment resuspension ...... 22

3. Resuspension dredging source formulations ......................................... 27

4. A simplified engineering tool to estimate dredging plume transport 36

5. Numerical modelling to estimate the SSC dre-dging plume ................ 38

6. Concluding remarks .................................................................................... 45

3. Overview of Environmental Management by Drill Cutting Re-Injection

Through Hydraulic Fracturing in Upstream Oil and Gas Industry ........... 52

1. Introduction ................................................................................................. 52

2. Overview of drilling operation ................................................................. 53

3. Environmental impacts of drilling muds ................................................ 57

4. Potential effects on natural resources, and minimization strategies .. 60

5. Hydraulic fracturing ................................................................................... 61

6. Waste management by DCRI ..................................................................... 62

7. Discussion and conclusions ....................................................................... 72

Acknowledgement ....................................................................................... 74

4. Overview of Past and Ongoing Experiences Dealing with the

Environmental Management at Cluster Level .............................................. 77

1. Introduction ................................................................................................. 77

2. The methodological approach ................................................................... 81

3. Industrial district cluster ........................................................................... 82

4. Environmentally Equipped Industrial Areas (EEIA) Cluster ................ 92

5. Cluster supply chain ................................................................................. 100

6. Conclusion .................................................................................................. 118

5. Industrial Clusters and Environmental Management ................................ 125

1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 125

2. Description of the case study ................................................................... 129

3. Focus on cluster environmental indicators .......................................... 132

4. The monitoring system and trend of perfor-mances ........................... 138

5. Conclusions ................................................................................................ 143

References ................................................................................................... 144

6. 3D Multi User Learning Environment Management – An Exploratory Study

on Student Engagement with the Learning Environment ......................... 147

1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 147

2. Background and related work ................................................................. 148

3. Research problem and hypotheses ......................................................... 150

4. Research methodology and experiment design .................................... 151

5. Results and analysis ................................................................................. 154

6. Discussion ................................................................................................... 171

7. Conclusion .................................................................................................. 175

8. Acknowledgment ...................................................................................... 175

References ................................................................................................... 176

7. Hazard Matrix Application in Health, Safety and Environmental

Management Risk Evaluation ........................................................................ 179

1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 179

2. HSE aims and structure ............................................................................ 180

3. Aspects of risk management necessary for a HSE program ............... 181

4. The Hazard matrix (HM) concept, structure and applications .......... 188

5. Hazard matrix applications in HSE ........................................................ 193

6. Case studies ................................................................................................ 195

7. Limitations and aspects of hazard matrix ............................................ 199

8. Closure and future work .......................................................................... 200

References ................................................................................................... 201

8. A Value Structured Approach to Conflicts in Environmental

Management ...................................................................................................... 205

1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 205

2. OR relevance ............................................................................................... 205

3. OR literature on value conflicts .............................................................. 206

4. Outline ......................................................................................................... 207

5. Case: The alien raccoon dog ..................................................................... 207

6. Ethical theories ........................................................................................... 209

7. Classification of arguments ..................................................................... 210

8. Affect and deliberation ............................................................................. 211

9. Ethics, values and emotion ...................................................................... 215

10. Application to environmental management ......................................... 216

11. Conclusion .................................................................................................. 222

12. Acknowledgment ...................................................................................... 223

References ................................................................................................... 223

Citation ................................................................................................................ 227

Index .................................................................................................................... 229

About Author

Walter Anton pursued his Masters in Sustainable Environments and Planning from Public University, Bond. He has served as the Guest Lecturer of Environmental Engineering at Engineering Academy, Augsburg. Anton was also awarded the “Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching” award for his outstanding contribution to the researcher community in the field of environmental protection and management. Aiming at linking science to policy, his study interest spans from ecosystem modelling to air quality, renewable energies, pollution, purification, waste water treatment and solid waste management.