About Book

Semiconductors are all around us. They are in cars, radios, stereos, cell phones, pagers, microwave ovens, kitchen appliances, and medical equipment, to name just a few applications. They are everywhere. Semiconductors will be to the 21st century and the transition to an information society as steel was to the 20th century and the industrial revolution. Such devices have established wide applications because of their reliability, compactness, and low cost. These are discrete components which are used in power devices, compactness optical sensors, and light emitters, including solid-state lasers. Optical semiconductor devices are divided into two major groups: luminescent devices (light-emitting diodes and laser diodes), and light-receiving devices (solar cells and photo-detectors). The wavelengths of the light depend on the optical semiconductor materials used. They have a wide range of current and voltage handling capabilities, with current rating more than 5,000 amperes and voltage ratings more than 100,000 volts. This book elucidates new techniques and their applications in a multidisciplinary approach with respect to optical semiconductor devices are. It describes in details the various concepts and methods used in this field. It deals with semiconductor optical amplifiers, semiconductor optical switch, optical properties, semiconductor quantum dots, structural properties of semiconductor, organic semiconductors and reflective semiconductor. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language and extensive use of examples make this book an invaluable source of knowledge. It aims to serve as a resource guide and facilitate the study of the discipline. This book will be of valuable resource for engineers and researchers in telecommunications and optoelectronics, equipment designers and manufacturers, and graduate students and scholars interested in this rapidly evolving field.

Preface............................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 Gallium Nitride-based Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers..............1

Abstract...................................................................................................1

1. Introduction............................................................................................1

2. Characterization of continuous wave light amplification.............5

3. Pulse amplification................................................................................9

4. Potential applications.........................................................................15

5. Conclusion............................................................................................17

Acknowledgements.............................................................................17

Chapter 2 Utilization of Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (RSOA) for Multiwavelength and Wavelength-Tunable Fiber Lasers........22

Abstract ................................................................................................22

1. Introduction ........................................................................................22

2. Linear cavity for multiwavelength lasing......................................24

3. Dual-ring cavity for multiwavelength lasing ..................................28

4. Wavelength-tunable laser in single mode ....................................31

5. Conclusion ...........................................................................................35

Acknowledgements.............................................................................35

Chapter 3 Organic Semiconductors for Non-Linear Optical Applications....38

Abstract ................................................................................................38

1. Introduction ........................................................................................39

2. Bulk organic semiconductors for optical non-linear

applications...........................................................................................41

3. Organic semiconductor thin films for optical non-linear

applications...........................................................................................49

4. Conclusions..........................................................................................77

Chapter 4 Optical, Magnetic, and Structural Properties of Semiconductor and

Semimagnetic Nanocrystals....................................................................83

1. Introduction ........................................................................................83

2. Synthesis of nanocrystals .................................................................85

3. Optical properties of Nanocrystals ................................................87

4. Magnetic properties of DMS nanocrystals ...................................92

5. Structural properties of Zn1-xMnxO nanocrystals ......................101

6. Conclusions .......................................................................................104

Acknowledgement ...........................................................................104

Chapter 5 Influence of Optical Phonons on Optical Transitions in

Semiconductor Quantum Dots............................................................108

1. Introduction ......................................................................................108

2. Phonons in optical transitions in nanocrystals.

Theoretical background ....................................................................108

3. Longitudinal optical phonons in optical spectra of defect-free

semiconductor quantum dots .........................................................114

4. Outlook ..............................................................................................141

5. Acknowledgements .........................................................................142

Chapter 6 Optical Demultiplexing Based on Four-Wave Mixing in

Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers ....................................................148

1. Introduction........................................................................................148

2. Analytical model ..............................................................................150

3. FWM characteristics in SOAs with the solitary probe pulse .159

4. Optical DEMUX characteristics in SOAs with multi-bit probe or

pump pulses .....................................................................................165

5. Conclusion..........................................................................................173

6. Acknowledgments ...........................................................................173

Chapter 7 Self-Similarity in Semiconductors: Electronic and Optical

Properties..................................................................................................180

1. Introduction ......................................................................................180

2. Topological self-similar quantum wells ..............................................184

3. GaAs-AlGaAs like heterostructure ...............................................194

4. Self-similar barrier systems ...........................................................195

5. Optical case........................................................................................200

6. Conclusions .......................................................................................205

Chapter 8 Energy Efficient Semiconductor Optical Switch.............................210

1. Introduction........................................................................................210

2. Double-reflection TIR DOS ............................................................213

3. 2 × 2 MMI-MZI DOS.......................................................................227

4. Conclusions .......................................................................................230

Citation......................................................................................................235

Index...........................................................................................................237

About Author

Zach Adams obtained his Ph.D. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Technical University, Sao Paulo. He is a Research Associate at Institute of Technology, Patagonia. He has written several research papers and articles on basic analog and digital electronic components, systems theory, and the design of analog signal conditioning circuitry for amplification. Adams has contributed numerous papers in well-known scientific journals topics coverage microcontroller, autonomous sensors, and velocity sensors. He has also been an invited speaker at various international conferences.