About Book

Optics is the field of science encompassing the physical phenomena and technologies associated with the generation, transmission, manipulation, detection, and utilization of light. It extends on both sides of the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum as far as the same concepts apply. Optical science is relevant to and studied in many related disciplines including astronomy, various engineering fields, photography, and medicine. Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. It concerns itself with the examination of the properties, behaviour, ultraviolet, infrared and visible lights. It is used in many fields like photography, astronomy, optometry, ophthalmology and many other engineering fields. Practical applications of optics are found in a variety of technologies and everyday objects, including mirrors, lenses, telescopes, microscopes, lasers and fibre optics. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of optics. It provides detailed information about the various advancements within this field. It explores virtual experimentation, quantum optics, adaptive optics, ophthalmoscope, tomography, aero-optics, biomedical optics, optical systems, optical vortices and anti-resonance. Most of the topics introduced in it cover new techniques and the applications of optics. It is in a clear and friendly style that progresses step-by-step through all of the major topics. This book, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.

Preface............................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 Chaotic, Stochastic Resonance, and Anti-Resonance Phenomena in Optics.............................................................................................................1

Abstract...................................................................................................1

1. Introduction............................................................................................2

2. SAR in a Raman fiber amplifier........................................................5

3. Chaotic resonance between a dissipative soliton and linear

waves.......................................................................................................8

4. Stochastic resonance and anti-resonance in mode-locked

lasers......................................................................................................12

5. Conclusions..........................................................................................18

Acknowledgements.............................................................................19

Chapter 2 Adaptive Optics and Optical Vortices.................................................25

1. Introduction..........................................................................................25

2. Origin, main properties and practical applications of optical

vortices..................................................................................................27

3. Optical vortices in turbulent atmosphere and the problem of

adaptive correction.............................................................................33

4. Generation of optical vortex.............................................................38

5. Wavefront sensing of optical vortex...............................................49

6. Phase correction of optical vortex...................................................57

7. Conclusions..........................................................................................62

Chapter 3 Devices and Techniques for Sensorless Adaptive Optics..............78

1. Introduction..........................................................................................78

2. Stochastic algorithms for sensorless correction.............................80

3. Image based algorithms.....................................................................87

4. Conclusions........................................................................................100

Chapter 4 A Solar Adaptive Optics System........................................................105

1. Introduction........................................................................................105

2. Design philosophy............................................................................107

3. Recent laboratory tests.....................................................................117

4. Recent on-site observations.............................................................119

4. Conclusions........................................................................................122

Acknowledgements...........................................................................122

Chapter 5 Aero - Optics: Controlling Light with Air ......................................125

1. Introduction........................................................................................125

2. Gas lenses...........................................................................................126

3. Optical aberrations............................................................................134

4. Optical turbulence............................................................................145

5. Summary.............................................................................................146

6. Acknowledgment..............................................................................147

Chapter 6 3-D Ultrahigh Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography with

Adaptive Optics for Ophthalmic Imaging ......................................150

1. Introduction........................................................................................150

2. Resolution of OCT............................................................................151

3. Wave front aberrations of human eye..........................................152

4. Principle of adaptive optics............................................................157

5. Adaptive optics optical coherence tomography.........................161

6. Conclusion..........................................................................................167

7. Acknowledgment..............................................................................168

Chapter 7 Adaptive Optics for High-Peak-Power Lasers – An Optical Adaptive

Closed-Loop Used for High-Energy Short-Pulse Laser Facilities:

Laser Wave-Front Correction and Focal-Spot Shaping..................172

1. Introduction........................................................................................172

2. Wave front deformation measurement and analysis.................174

3. Adaptive Optics (AO) systems for the LULI laser facilities....188

4. Wave front correction results.........................................................191

5. Application to focal-spot shaping: Bi-speckle generation........193

6. Conclusions and perspectives........................................................196

Chapter 8 A Contribution to Virtual Experimentation in Optics..................200

1. Introduction........................................................................................200

2. Module structure...............................................................................200

3. Diffraction tool..................................................................................201

4. Computer generated holograms tool............................................203

5. Acousto-optical effect.......................................................................212

6. Conclusions and further work.......................................................218

Citation......................................................................................................221

Index...........................................................................................................223

About Author

Jean Mallakpour pursued his Master of Science in Optics and Photonics from University College, Foleyet. He is an active member of several scientific and technical societies, where he continues to share his expertise and knowledge in the field of the electromagnetic wave, physical optics and fiber optics. He is a Visiting Professor at Community College, Navojoa. Mallakpour has been awarded the “Distinguished Teacher of the Year” award for his excellence. He is a veteran in the field of optical engineering with numerous revolutionizing texts, articles and research papers to his credit.