About Book

Fluid dynamics is a sub discipline of fluid mechanics that deals with fluid flow - the natural science of fluids in motion. It has several sub disciplines itself, including aerodynamics and hydrodynamics. Fluid dynamics offers a systematic structure—which underlies these practical disciplines—that embraces empirical and semi-empirical laws derived from flow measurement and used to solve practical problems. The solution to a fluid dynamics problem typically involves the calculation of various properties of the fluid, such as flow velocity, pressure, density, and temperature, as functions of space and time. Fluid dynamics has a wide range of applications, including calculating forces and moments on aircraft, determining the mass flow rate of petroleum through pipelines, predicting weather patterns, understanding nebulae in interstellar space and modelling fission weapon detonation. This book covers significant advances and applications in fluid dynamics modelling with focus on biomedical, bioengineering, chemical, civil and environmental engineering, aeronautics, astronautics, and automotive. It deals with fluid dynamics problems, space sciences, microchannels, asymmetric continuum theories, solid fluidized beds and finite volume method. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. This book will help the readers in keeping pace with the rapid changes in this field. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language and extensive use of examples make this book an invaluable source of knowledge. It is intended to serve as a general reference for scientists, engineers and researchers.

Preface............................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 Application of Finite Volume Method in Fluid Dynamics and Inverse Design Based Optimization......................................................1

1. Introduction............................................................................................1

2. Finite volume method based compressible flow solver................7

3. Validation of the flow solver............................................................17

4. Finite volume method based optimization and inverse design

for aeronautical applications.............................................................25

Chapter 2 Asymmetric Continuum Theories – Fracture Processes in Seismology and Extreme Fluid Dynamics........................................40

1. Introduction..........................................................................................40

2. Fracture earthquake processes..........................................................42

3. Extreme fluid dynamics.....................................................................48

4. Conclusions .........................................................................................54

Chapter 3 Fluid Dynamics Analysis of a Space Vehicle Entering the Mars Atmosphere.................................................................................................56

1. Introduction..........................................................................................56

2. Computational flowfield analysis....................................................57

3. Conclusion ...........................................................................................66

Chapter 4 Fluid Dynamics of Gas – Solid Fluidized Beds...............................68

1. Introduction ........................................................................................68

2. Fluidization regimes and particle classification ..........................69

3. Experimental measurement techniques .........................................71

4. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ...........................................71

5. Case studies ........................................................................................79

6. Conclusions..........................................................................................85

Chapter 5 Fluid Dynamics in Space Sciences .....................................................93

1. Introduction..........................................................................................93

2. The solar wind as a continuous expan-ding gas.........................93

3. The gas dynamic analogue of the solar wind around the

earth's magnetosphere ......................................................................97

4. The fluid dynamic interaction of the solar wind with the upper

ionosphere of Venus and Mars ......................................................99

5. Concluding remarks ........................................................................114

Chapter 6 Fluid Dynamics Without Fluids ........................................................118

1. Introduction ......................................................................................118

2. Snowflakes and phase interfaces...................................................119

3. Level-set methods ............................................................................122

4. Motion planning for traveling robots in complex

environments ....................................................................................126

5. Surface reconstruction from cloud of points .............................132

6. Image processing and viscous noise removal ...........................139

7. Conclusion ........................................................................................142

Chapter 7 Fluid Dynamics in Microchannels.....................................................145

1. Introduction........................................................................................145

2. Fundamental theory about flow motion......................................152

3. Flow and heat transfer in microchannels of various

configurations....................................................................................157

4. Flow motion and heat transfer in microchannels with turbulence

generators...........................................................................................173

5. Concluding remarks.........................................................................177

6. Nomenclature....................................................................................177

Chapter 8 Solving Fluid Dynamics Problems with Matlab ...........................187

1. Introduction........................................................................................187

2. Instabilities in lid-driven cavities..................................................190

3. Flow past circular cylinders...........................................................197

4. Transonic flows past airfoils...........................................................198

5. Conclusions........................................................................................206

Citation......................................................................................................209

Index...........................................................................................................211

About Author

Kent June earned his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from Technical University, Boltenhagen. He is working as an Independent Researcher, Technical Writer and Editor in the fields of Mathematics, Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics across Europe. His current research topics are fluid dynamics, mathematical methods, large-scale physics flows and industrial applications. He has written several articles and journals on diffusion of pollutants, computational fluid dynamics, and atmospheric meteorology.