About Book

Accounting is an essential management tool that can uncover profitability improvements and provide support for key business decisions. Accounting is the process of recording financial transactions pertaining to a business. The accounting process includes summarizing, analyzing and reporting these transactions to oversight agencies, regulators and tax collection entities. The financial statements used in accounting are a concise summary of financial transactions over an accounting period, summarizing a company's operations, financial position and cash flows. It shows how to improve a business with constraint analysis, target costing, capital budgeting, price setting, and cost of quality analysis. This book elucidates new techniques of accounting and their applications in a multidisciplinary approach. It particularly stresses on accounting perspective, greening accounting, accounting framework, behavioural accounting, start-ups, government accounting, earning attributes and associativism. It is planned to serve, who have a broad interest in the field of accounting and who are interested in understanding the relationships between financial and cost accounting. Some of the diverse topics covered in it address the varied branches that fall under this category. This book is an essential guide for both academicians and those who wish to pursue this discipline further.

Preface............................................................................................................v

Chapter 1 A Renewed Interest on the Fundamentals of Accounting: The Impact of the Matching ‘Principle’ on Earning Attributes .............1

Abstract ..................................................................................................1

1. Introduction ..........................................................................................1

2. The process of matching revenues and expenses .........................5

3. Trends in the degree of matching ..................................................11

4. Conclusion and remarks ..................................................................24

Chapter 2 Historical Development of Government Accounting......................29

Abstract.................................................................................................29

1. Introduction..........................................................................................30

2. Government accounting.....................................................................31

3. Government accounting applications in Turkey and in the

world.....................................................................................................51

4. Conclusion............................................................................................69

Chapter 3 The Future of Accounting Profession in an Era of Start-Ups.......76

Abstract ................................................................................................76

1. Introduction ...............................................................................76

2. Technologies of today and their reflection to business...............77

3. The effects of technology on accounting........................................80

4. Effects of the start-ups on the accounting profession.................84

5. Conclusion............................................................................................85

Chapter 4 Associativism of Accounting Professionals........................................92

Abstract ................................................................................................92

1. Introduction ........................................................................................92

2. Theoretical framework .....................................................................93

3. Disinterested action or the defense of interests? ......................114

4. Conclusions .......................................................................................116

Chapter 5 Behavioral Accounting and its Interactions.....................................122

Abstract...............................................................................................122

1. Introduction........................................................................................122

2. Influence of accounting information on behavior......................124

3. Managerial control............................................................................128

4. Auditing..............................................................................................132

5. Ethics...................................................................................................135

6. Conclusion..........................................................................................137

Chapter 6 M2M-Fair Value Accounting................................................................143

Abstract .............................................................................................143

1. Introduction........................................................................................143

2. Definition of fair value....................................................................145

3. Fair value measurement..................................................................148

4. Fair value measurements for assets and liabilities (IFRSs)......152

5. Measurement principles in the Exposure Draft Conceptual

Framework for Financial Reporting..............................................159

6. Conclusion..........................................................................................165

Chapter 7 Greening Accounting: An Inevitable Link to Help Firms Connect

with Sustainability.................................................................................169

Abstract...............................................................................................169

1. Introduction........................................................................................169

2. Sustainability and underlying philosophies:

implications for business firms......................................................170

3. Sustainability and critical accounting theories...........................172

4. Environment: a missing element of accounting paradigm......178

5. Concluding remarks.........................................................................183

Appendix 1.........................................................................................184

Chapter 8 Greening Accounting II: Exploring Feasibility of Environmental

Accounting Framework.........................................................................190

Abstract...............................................................................................190

1. Introduction........................................................................................190

2. Environmental accounting in hospitality business:

a case example...................................................................................191

3. Systemic integration of externalities within EA framework....197

4. Externalities, sustainability and accounting generalization......200

5. Concluding remarks.........................................................................204

Appendix 1. Schematics for book-keeping environmental aspects

generated by business transactions...............................................204

Chapter 9 Environmental Management in Businesses: Does It Make Money?

An Accounting Perspective...................................................................208

1. Introduction ......................................................................................208

2. Initial diagnosis ................................................................................212

3. Case study research..........................................................................225

4. Relationship between corporate social respo-nsibility and

financial performance .....................................................................229

5. Conclusions .......................................................................................232

Citation......................................................................................................239

Index...........................................................................................................241

About Author

Stuart Bosso pursued his MBA Degree in Economics from Community College, Karlsruhe. He is actively engaged in the researches focused on financial statements, generally accepted accounting principles, management accounting and cost accounting practices. He serves as a Visiting Professor at Public University, Fribourg. Bosso has been awarded the “Distinguished Contributions to Lifelong Learning” for his excellence in education. He has published numerous articles and research papers on financial accounting and cost accounting.